hydrochemical

The study on estimation of groundwater recharge was done in Grasslands Catchment, about 70 km south-east of Harare, Zimbabwe. The catchment is underlain by Archean Granitic rocks intruded by dolerite  dykes/sheets  and  form  part  of  the  Basement  Complex.  The  catchment  is  a  stream headwater wetland, at the source of Manyame River. The catchment comprises an upland region or interfluves of area 2.12 km2 and a dambo area of 1.21 km2.

Lake  Sibayi  (a  topographically  closed  freshwater  lake)  and  coastal  aquifers  around  the  Lake  in eastern South Africa are important water resources and are used extensively for domestic water supplies.

The thermal spri

The water quality in the

The Verlorenvlei estuarine lake is one of only two freshwater estuarine systems in South Africa. Whilst being important ecologically it is also a critical agricultural region, supporting a significant proportion of South African potato crops as well as a number of other diverse crops. The vlei itself is fed by the Verloren River which is thought to be fed by surface water inflows and baseflow throughout the year along several tributaries, namely the Krom Antonies, Hol, Berg Vallei and Kruismans.

An investigation of surface and groundwater chemistry was undertaken as part of a resource assessment of water-supply for potash solution-mining in the Danakil Depression of the Afar Rift, situated in northern Ethiopia on the N/S-trending Ethiopia-Eritrean arm of the East African Rift System.

Geothermal springs occur throughout the world and South Africa (SA) is endowed with several springs of this nature. Siloam and Tshipise are among the known scalding geothermal springs found in Limpopo Province. The optimal use of a geothermal spring is largely dependent upon its physical and chemical characteristics. Hence, there is need to understand the chemical processes controlling the springs. Hydrochemical characteristics of Siloam and Tshipise geothermal springs were undertaken for a period of six months May – December 2014.

Records review and field based methods were used to collect and interpret groundwater level and hydro- chemical data to characterise groundwater occurrence and flow system in the Heuningnes catchment, Western Cape Province of South Africa. Our research outcome indicates that the study area has alluvial and fractured rock aquifers. The groundwater system has a rainfall driven recharge mechanisms resulting in freshwater in higher altitudes situated in the northern and western parts of the catchment. Highly saline waters are found in low-lying areas.

Due to the recent drought in the Western Cape province of South Africa, surface water can no longer meet our current demand of water and as a result groundwater usage has increased. High iron concentration in groundwater is a problem which results in iron encrustation and iron clogging. This results in decreased borehole yields, decreased water quality and expensive treatments to remove iron encrustation or the drilling of entirely new boreholes.